Planets are the largest objects in the solar system except for the sun. Unlike the sun, the planets do not produce their own energy. They reflect the heat and visible light produced by the sun. The four planets near the Sun - Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars are called terrestrial (earth-like) planets because they are somewhat similar in size and composition to the earth. They appear to consist chiefly of iron and rock. The terrestrial planets and Pluto are the smallest planets. The earth has one satellite, Mars has two, and Pluto has one. Mercury and Venus have no satellites.
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The outer planets - Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are called the giant planets or Jovian planets. They are mainly made up of hydrogen, helium and ice. Compared to the terrestrial planets, they contain little iron and rock. Each of the giant planets has several satellites. They also have rings around them. However, only Saturn's large, bright rings can be easily seen through a small telescope.
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